crisis communications; Studying the news coverage of natural crises (earthquakes and floods) in Afghanistan in a recent decade (2013to 2023).

• Arowolo, O. (2017), Understanding Framing Theory, Research Gate, t: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317841096
• Coombs, W. T., & Holladay, S. J. (2010). The handbook of crisis communication, Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
• Chindu, S., Thorsen, E., & Sharma, N. (2019), Disaster Journalism: Building media resilience in Nepal. Link: B2n.ir/z12486
• Overgaard, C, s. (2021), Constructive Journalism in the Face of a Crisis: The Effects of Social Media News Updates about COVID-19, Published online Journalism Studies Journal.
• Gonzalez-Herrero, A. (1994), a Model in Crisis Communications Management, Master's Thesis, University Microfilms International, Michigan. Limited circulation.
• McQuail, D. (2005), Mass Communication Theory. Sage Publications, NIBM E-Library Portal, 6th edition.
• Khorsand ,H and Talkhabi, A. (2017), Designing an Indigenous Model of Crisis Communication Management in Tehran, Sociological Studies ,Spring, Volume 9, Issue 34, Pages 91-107. (In Persian)
• González-Herrero, A.(2009), an Integrated Symmetrical Model for Crisis-Communications Management, Journal of Public Relations Research,8:2, 79-105, DOI: 10.1207/s1532754xjprr0802_01
• Vincent, T.(2016), Climate Change in Afghanistan: Perspectives and Opportunities, Wageningen University, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304375227
• Zaki, N. (2023), an Overview of Climate Change in Afghanistan: Causes, Consequences, Challenges and Policies, Technical University of Darmstadt: https://ruoz.ir/ziehv
• Ghanbari, A. Jabarpour,F.(2022 ), The Impact of “Network Agenda Setting” and “Interpersonal Communication” on Iranian Attitude toward the United States, Cultural and Communication Studies, Volume 23, Issue 58 , Pages 35-56. (In Persian)
• Ibrahimi, Y. (2010), Content analysis of news coverage of crisis issues in national newspapers, Master's Thesis, Allameh Tabataba'i University. (In Persian)
• Khaniki, H. (2008), Risk Communications, Crisis Communications: Backgrounds, Concepts and theories, rasanah journal,Volume 19, Issue 2, Pages 81-105. (In Persian)
• Severin, W.Tankard , J. (2005), Communication Theories, alireza dehghan, Tehran University Press, second edition.
• Social, Cultural and Media Working G (2019), Studying and evaluating the social, cultural, media and psychological dimensions of the Iran’s 98 floods.
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• Ghaedi, M. Golshani, a. (2016), Content Analysis Method: from Quantity-Orientation to Quality-Orientation, journal of Psychological Models and Methods, Volume 7, Issue 23, Pages 57-82. (In Persian)
• Dilsuz, M. (2020), the role of radio in the management of natural crises in Jawzjan province, Jawzjan University.
• Hava, N. (2022), Management of news arrangement in Afghan media, Journal of Jawzjan University, 24th volume, 39th issue, Pages 160-177.
• Sayfi, S. (2022), four deadly earthquakes in the last two decades, Ministry of Government for the handling of natural disasters in Afghanistan.

-          Shmas, N. Minavand, M.  Sabouri,S. (2020), News Coverage of Crisis by Iranian State TV (IRIB) Case Study: Plasco Crisis Reported by News Channel, journal or Rasanah, Volume 30, Issue 4 ,Pages 29-48. (In Persian)

-          Nejatbakhsh, E. Bagheri, A. (2008), the role of mass media in preventing crises, Journal of communication research, Volume:15  ,Issue56 ,Page137-158 . https://www.sid.ir/paper/152868/fa (In persian)

• Mostarshed, M. (2014), Rainy climate of Afghanistan, Geographical Research journal, Volume: 29, Issue 3, Page191-202: https://georesearch.ir/article-1-355-fa.pdf