چالش‌های حقوقی و قانونی مشاغل پلتفرمی

With the expansion of digital technologies and the emergence of the platform economy, a new form of employment known as platform jobs or platform work has emerged. This type of employment, which is mainly organized through digital applications and platforms, has challenged the traditional frameworks of labor relations and has given rise to new legal and regulatory issues in the areas of labor law, social security, legal protections, and civil responsibilities. In platform jobs, individuals provide services such as transportation, delivery, home services, training, or consulting on an independent or semi-independent basis, without being covered by traditional labor contracts. This situation has left many platform workers without the usual legal protections such as insurance, retirement, paid leave, or minimum wage, and the legal status of platforms is also unclear. In this regard, the question that arises is; “What are the legal and regulatory challenges in the definition of the employment relationship, legal protections, civil liability, and regulation of platform jobs in the Iranian legal system and comparable systems?” This article, prepared using an analytical-descriptive method and based on a study of legal documents, domestic and foreign laws, judicial practice, and international reports related to the platform economy, states that the Iranian legal system has so far failed to provide a comprehensive and appropriate response to the challenges arising from platform businesses, and that there are numerous legislative and institutional gaps in this area, and it is necessary to reform the legal structure and formulate specific regulations.