دیرینه‌شناسی دانش روزنامه‌نگاری در ایران

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسنده
صابر نصیب علی
دانشجوی دکتری علوم ارتباطات دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی،
10.22034/scm.2024.185876
چکیده
هدف این پژوهش پروبلماتیک کردن نظام دانش روزنامه‌نگاری و نگاهی تاریخی به فرآیند علمی شدن آن است، برای این مسئله از روش/نظریه دیرینه‌شناسی فوکو استفاده شده است. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد؛ روزنامه‌نگاری از دل تنظیمات امیرکبیر متولد می‌شود گر چه در لحظه تولد دانش و علم روزنامه‌نگاری غایب است اما تولد روزنامه در ایران نمود عینی دانش روزنامه‌نگاری است و برآمدن روزنامه در ایران محصول شکلی از جهت‌گیری به جهان است ولو اینکه دانشی در این زمینه وجود نداشته باشد و رساله علمی ننوشته شده باشد. گرچه در لحظه تولد دانش روزنامه‌نگاری عنصری ارزشمند برای حکمرانی و یکی از تکنیک‌های آن برای مدیریت اذهان عمومی بود و به عنوان عنصر آموزش و تربیت عمومی بدان نگاه می‌شد ولی در لحظه تاسیس و تثبیت آن به عنوان علمی آکادمیک ضمن اینکه عناصر لحظه تولد را با خود همراه دارد اما بعد اقتصادی نیز بدان افزوده شد و خبر کالایی است که باید به فروش برسد و نفوذ این نگاه علمی و مدیریتی نوین به روزنامه را می‌توان در شیوه نگاه مدیران دو روزنامه بزرگ ایران یعنی کیهان و اطلاعات حداقل بعد از کودتای مرداد 1332 تا انقلاب اسلامی 1357 ملاحظه کرد. به نظر می‌رسد علم روزنامه‌نگاری در ایران ذیل گفتمان آموزش و یکی از ابزارهای حکمرانی به مثابه یک علم در آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Archeology of journalistic knowledge in Iran

نویسنده English

saber nasibali
Phd Student of Allameh Tabatabaei University
چکیده English

The purpose of this study is to problematize the knowledge system of journalism and a historical look at the process of its scientificization. For this issue, Foucault's method / theory of paleontology has been used. Research findings show; Journalism is born from the heart of Amir Kabir, although it is absent at the moment of the birth of journalism knowledge and science, but the birth of the newspaper in Iran is an objective manifestation of journalism knowledge and the emergence of the newspaper in Iran is a product of orientation to the world, even if there is no knowledge. Scientific dissertation is not written. Although at the time of birth the knowledge of journalism was a valuable element for governance and one of its techniques for managing the public mind and was seen as an element of public education, at the time of its establishment and consolidation as an academic science while carrying the elements of birth. But the economic dimension has been added to it and news is a commodity that must be sold and the influence of this new scientific and managerial view of the newspaper can be seen in the way the managers of the two major Iranian newspapers, Kayhan and Information, look at least after the August 1953 coup until the revolution. Islamic 1978 observed. It seems that the science of journalism in Iran became a science under the discourse of education and one of the tools of governance.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

News
journalism
Archeology
education
 
 
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جامعه فرهنگ رسانه
دوره 12، شماره 49
زمستان 1402
صفحه 181-212

  • تاریخ دریافت 05 مهر 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش 20 فروردین 1402