l فتاحی, م. (1382). جستارهایی درباره تئوری توطئه در ایران. تهران: نشر نی.
l کواچ, ب., & روزنستیل, ت. (1385). عناصر روزنامه نگاری. تهران: دفتر مطالعات و توسعه رسانه ها.
è Allcott, H., & Gentzkow, M. (2017). Social Media and Fake News in the 2016 Election. Journal of Economic Perspectives,
è James Ball, Post-Truth: How Bullshit Conquered the World. London: Biteback, 2017
è Bhaskaran, H., Mishra, H., & Nair, P. (2017). Contextualizing Fake News in Post-truth Era: Journalism Education in India. Asia Pacific Media Educator, 27(271), 41–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/1326365X17702277
è Corner, J. (2017). Fake news, post-truth and media–political changeBallJames, Post-Truth: How Bullshit Conquered the World. London: Biteback, 2017LevinsonPaul, Fake News in Real Context. New York: Connected Editions, 2017D’AnconaMatthew, Post Truth: The New War on Truth and How to Fight Back. London: Ebury, 2017Rabin-HavtAri and Media Matters, Lies, Incorporated: The World of Post-Truth Politics. New York: Anchor Books, 2016. Media, Culture & Society. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443717726743
è Dewey, C. (2017). Facebook fake-news writer: “I think Donald Trump is in the White House because of me” - The Washington Post. Retrieved October 27, 2017, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-intersect/wp/2016/11/17/facebook-fake-news-writer-i-think-donald-trump-is-in-the-white-house-because-of-me/?tid=sm_tw&utm_term=.0ca629555243
è Durov, P. (2017). No Ti. Retrieved October 1, 2017, from https://twitter.com/durov/status/854472773137256448
è Gottfried, J., & Shearer, E. (2016). News Use Across Social Media Platforms 2016. Retrieved from http://www.journalism.org/2016/05/26/news-use-across-social-media-platforms-2016/
è Mustafaraj, E., & Metaxas, P. T. (2017). The Fake News Spreading Plague: Was it Preventable?, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1145/3091478.3091523
è Reutersd. (2017). A Brief Guide to Standards, Photoshop and Captions - Handbook of Journalism. Retrieved November 17, 2017, from http://handbook.reuters.com/?title=A_Brief_Guide_to_Standards,_Photoshop_and_Captions
è Silverman, C. (2017). What exactly is fake news? Retrieved October 27, 2017, from http://us2.campaign-archive1.com/?u=657b595bbd3c63e045787f019&id=e0b2b9eaf0&e=30348b6327
è Silverman, C., & Singer-Vine, J. (2016). Most Americans Who See Fake News Believe It, New Survey Says. Retrieved October 27, 2017, from https://www.buzzfeed.com/craigsilverman/fake-news-survey?utm_term=.up0rgQRwkj#.arEBVyYlEL
è Tandoc, E. C., Lim, Z. W., & Ling, R. (2017). Defining “Fake News”: A typology of scholarly definitions. Digital Journalism, 811(August), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2017.1360143
è The Guardian. (2017). Angry Al Franken hammers Facebook lawyer at hearing over Russian ads | US news | The Guardian. Retrieved November 7, 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/oct/31/facebook-russia-ads-senate-hearing-al-franken
è Vargo, C. J., Guo, L., & Amazeen, M. A. (2017). The agenda-setting power of fake news: A big data analysis of the online media landscape from 2014 to 2016. New Media & Society. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444817712086
)