نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسنده
دانشیار، جنسیت و توسعه، گروه مطالعات زنان، موسسه مطالعات فرهنگی و اجتماعی وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری
چکیده
در آغاز دهه 1980 میلادی روند رو به افزایش زنان در آموزش عالی جهان، این تصور را تشدید نموده بود که ساختار آموزش عالی زنانه خواهد شد. اما با گذشت پنج دهه و مروری بر دستاوردهای زنان در این عرصه شاهد پایداری بسیاری از نابرابری‌ها از جمله سهم نابرابر زنان در موقعیت‌های رهبری و مدیریتی هستیم. بطوریکه در بهترین حالت 17 درصد از مدیران آموزش عالی جهان زن هستند. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی و مقایسه موانع و چالش‌هایی که زنان در این عرصه تجربه می‌کنند به مرور یافته های پژوهشی با استفاده از روش فراترکیب در 37 مقاله پر استناد و مرجع؛ در بیش از 30 کشور دنیا پرداخته است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که غیبت رهبران زن در آموزش عالی طیف متنوعی از دلایل را دارد؛ که در هفت محور «مرد سالاری و هنجارهای رایج جنسیتی همراه با تعصب و پیش‌داوری»، «تقسیم کار جنسیتی و تنش بین هویت‌های چندگانه»، «پذیرش زنان در موقعیت رهبری، زنان به عنوان مردان نارس»، «موفقیت در جایگاه رهبری»، «عوامل سازمانی و استانداردهای دوگانه»، «مهارت، علاقه و نقش مربیگری» و «مداخله سیستم سیاسی و مناسبات فراساختاری» قابل طبقه‌بندی است. برخی از این موانع بصورت آشکار و بخش زیادی از آنها بصورت پنهان و غیرقابل دید و شبح‌وار بر حضور زنان در موقعیت رهبری تاثیر دارند، بطوریکه تجربه آنان در دوره مدیریتی به حضور در قلمرو اشباح سرگردان شباهت دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
- شاه طالبی، سمیه؛ یارمحمدیان، محمدحسین؛ عجمی، سیما (1388)، تجارب زنان مدیر از رهبری در آموزش عالی؛ یک مطالعة کیفی، دانش و پژوهش در علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد خوراسگان، اصفهان، شماره 23؛ صص 40 ـ 21
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